翻译

When We Are Asleep
Everyone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams, or do so very rarely. Other people
always wake up with vivid recollections （回忆）of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly.
In an average night of eight hours' sleep, an average adult will dream fbr around one hundred minutes,
probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.
Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures
the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves move more quickly. Breathing and
pulse rate also increase, and there are rapid eye movements under the eye lids, just as though the
dreamer were really looking at some moving objects. These signs of dreaming have been detected in
all mammals studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles
（爬行动物）.This period of sleep is called the "D" state. Babies experience the "D" state for around
50% of their sleep; the period reduces to around 25% by the age of 10.
Dreams take the form of stories, but they may be strange and with incidents not closely connected,
which make little sense. Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people
we know. One estimate says that two-thirds of the "cast" of our dream dramas are friends and relations.
Vision seems an essential part of dreams, except for people blind from birth. Sound and touch are
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每个人都有梦，但有些人从来不记得自己的梦，或很少记得。其他人总是带着生动的回忆醒来，但很快就会忘记。在一个平均八小时的睡眠夜里，一个成年人会做大约一百分钟的梦，可能会有三到五个梦境，每个持续十到三十分钟。科学家可以通过使用测量大脑电波的仪器来检测人们何时做梦。在做梦期间，这些波动更快。呼吸和脉搏也会增加，在眼睑下会有快速的眼动，就像梦想家真的在看一些移动的物体一样。这些做梦的迹象已经在所有研究过的哺乳动物，包括狗、猴子、猫和大象，以及一些鸟类和爬行动物上都被发现。这段时间被称为“D”状态。婴儿在50%的时间内经历"D"状态；这段时间到10岁左右会减少到约25%。梦境以故事的形式呈现，但它们可能很奇怪，其中事件没有紧密联系，讲述的内容也没有太多意义。梦很少没有人出现，通常是关于我们认识的人。有一种估计说，我们梦境中的“演员”中有三分之二是朋友和亲戚。视觉似乎是梦的一个必要部分，除了从出生就失明的人。声音和触觉则很少出现。